Drilling device



UNITED STATES PATENT orifice.

HENRY F, BLACKWELL, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR F ONE-HALF TO NILLIA'MH. STBAWN AND ONE-HALF TO MAUDE A. BLACKWELL, BOTH OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

DBILLING DEVICE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. i7, i920.

' T0 all whom z't may concern:

. and also so that Be it known that I, HENRY F. BLACKWELL,

a citizen of the United States, and a resident of the city, county, andState of New York, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement inDrilling Devices, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a drilling or rock boring device, and anobject ofthe invention is to provide a rotary drilling device or.apparatus in which the drilling or cutting Vmember of the device isdriven a motor or other-source of power which is so arranged that itforms a part of the device itself. In lother words, the cutting member.

and its power means is in the form of a complete and self-containedunit.

A further object of this invention is tol provide a drilling device ofthe character above mentioned in which tings or spoil displaced by thedrilling action are comminuted or pulverized and forced or removedupward to the surface of the earth so that the progress of the drill inlits Adigging operation is not interfered with,

the progress of the drilling operation can be ascertained by examiningthe cuttings or spoil at any time withe, out the necessity for removingthe drilling device from the hole or excavation in which it isoperating. A further object of this-invention is to provide a drillingdevice which will automatically remove the cuttings or spoil from thehole or excavation which it4 is producing, thereby obviating thenecessity for constantly removing the drill from its excavation for thepurpose lof bucketing out or clearing the excavation.

With these objects and other objects Awhich may hereinafter appear, Ihave devised the particular: arrangement of parts hereinafter set forth,and more particularly pointed out in the claims appended hereto.

In the drawings forming a part hereof,

Figure 1 is a vertical sectional elevation of the drilling device;

Fi f. 2 is a sectional view on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1, looking in thedirection of the arrows;

Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional view of one of the drill-casing rollersand the mounting therefor;

the borings, cutn Fig. 4 is a vertical sectional view of the' casing,and intermediate the upper and lower,

ends of the saine, is the power means of the drill comprising a motor 2,which is preferably of a form that 'its frame 3 fits snugly within thecasing 1. The motor may be of any special or conventional form and ispreferably a small alternate current electric mo- Ytor ofthe squirrelcage, rotating-field type,

of two or three phases. This type of motor is believed to be verysuitably adapted to perform the work for which it is intended inV thisinstance.

The motor is provided with the usual fieldwinding stator 4, and rotor 5.The rotor 5 is preferably tubular or hollow, and fixed to and extendingthrough the same is a hollow shaft 6. This shaft 6 projects above andbelow the frame 3 of the motor and passes through the water tightwashers or glands 7, which are secured within the casing above and belowthe motor to prevent moisture from obtaining access to the saine.Secured to the lower end of the tubular shaft 6 is a laterallyextending, flanged member or spider 8, which is provided with a pair ofdownwardly projecting pins 9, which are placed diametrically oppositeone another, and upon each one of these pins is rotatably mounted apinion gear 10. The lends of the pins 9 are connected by a washer orplate 11 to hold these pins at constant distances and to hold thepinions-l() in place. The pinions 10 mesh with an internal or ring gear12, which is in the nature of an annular rack and which is fixed to thewall of the casing and thus held stationary while the device is inoperation. These pinions 10 also mesh with an internal gear 13 which issecured upon the end of a hollow or tubular shaft 14 extendingvertically through the vso casing 1 below the motor. The hollow shaft 14is mounted to rotate in a bearing 15, secured within the casing, andthis bearing 15 is provided with shoulders 16 which support andV actas abearing for the downwardly-extending end of the internal gear 13.Mounted upon and secured t'o the tubular shaft 14 is a supporting plateor thrust collar 17 which forms a shoulder or supfort for a thrustbearing 18. The thrust bearing 18 is thus interposed between thesupporting member 17 and the lower end of the bearing 15. The lower endof the-casing 1 is closed by means of a gland or stuffing box 19 whichforms a bearing for the tubular shaft 14 adjacent its end, and saidtubular shaft 14 rotates therein and has its lower end projectingbeneath the end of the tubular casing 1.l Threaded upon the projectingend of the tubular shaft 14 is the cutting or drill .head 20. Thiscutting head 20 is in the nature of a conical member, and is providedwith a central,l bore 21, which is provided .for a portion of its depthwith screwthreads 22, which permit the head to thread upon rgaging screwthreads on the tubular shaft plurality of rotary toothed cutters 22,which are in the4 nature of star-wheels and are rotatably mounted uponpins 23 in the head. The rotarycutting members 22 arepreferably placedin staggered alinement asindicated in F ig'. 5, andare mounted in theIsides of the cutting head, as well as in the under face of the same asshown.

The preferred arrangement of these cutting members 22 is disclosed inFigs. 4 and 5, although the same may be 'modified to accord with thedifferent forms of cutting heads that are readily applicable for use inconnection with my improved drillingdevice.

The internal gears 12 and 13, together with the. inions 10, comprise areduction gearing w ich drives the tubular shaft 14, withitsvattached'cutting head 20, at a much lower speed than the speed ofthe motor 2 in a manner which will now be described.

The internal gear or rack 12 is, as heretofore mentioned, stationaryorfixed to the casing 1 of the device, while the internal gear 13 issecured to and rotates with the tubular shaft 14. The rotatable internalgear 13 is lprovided with two teeth more than the fixed gear 12 so thatat each revolution of the fianged plate member or spider 8 the internalgear 13 will be advanced two teeth. Assuming that the motor is revolvingat 1200 revolutions per minute and this internal gear 13 is advanced twoteeth per revolution or 240() teeth per minute, and assuming that thegear 13 has 68 teeth, and the fixed gear 12 has 66 teeth, the gear 13will thus be rotated 36 revolutions per he cutting head 20 is providedwith al minute, consequently driving the cutting head 20 at this speed.The above is merely one illustration of the manner inwhich the reductiongearing can be arranged1 vand it will be understood that manyarrangements arev applicable to obtain different speeds of the cuttinghead 20. The flange' plate member or spider 8 may also be provided withas many pinions 10 as desired, and to secure proper results, theinternal ear 13 should be provided with an amount o teeth more than theteeth on the fixed internal gear 12 as there are pinions.

Through the medium of the above mentioned reduction gearing, it will beseen that pump 26 which is preferably of the three stage form, that is,it is provided with three sets vof impelling vanes 27, placed one setabove the other. .While three sets of superimposed vanes 27 may bepreferably used, additional sets or fewer sets may be utilized toproduce the requisite suction, or the form of the pump may be modifiedas required. The suction tube 24 is provided with discharge openings25a, andthe tubular shaft 6 is provided with corresponding' openings, sothat the pump 26 A,can exhaust or exert suction through the tube 24..

From the foregoing, the operation of my improved drilling device will bereadily understood. The motor is connected to wires 28 which extendthrough the upper plate 29 of the casing, and pass through a suitableconduit 30 which projects through the plate 29 as disclosed in Fig. 1,and these wires extend to any suitable source of power to operate themotor 2. The operation of thc motor causes a rotation of the cutter head1 at a reduced speed due to the reduction gearing heretofore described,and the digging operation begins. The rotary toothed cutting members 22pulverize or comminute the cutting or spoil into such small particlesthat it, together with water or other liquid matter that the pump maycontact with during the digging operation, is drawn by the suction ofthe pump through the bore l21 of the cutting head 20 up through the tube24 through the tubular shafts 6 and 14. i

and into the first set of impelling vanes 27 of the centrifugalsuction-pump. The first set of vanes 27 passes the material thusy drawnupward to the second set of vanesy and finally to the third set and soon. This.

cutting or"spoil is passed through lthe discharge opening 31 of thepump. The dis-v charge opening 31 may be connected to a hose of suitablelength so that the hose extends up to the surfaceiof the earth, andpersons at that point may-lkeep continual vwatch on the material. thatis being displaced by the drilling device and exhausted therefrom. Bythis arrangement, the progress of the drill may be constantly notedwithout the necessity for causing it to cease its operation.

' A gasket or washer 35 is preferably placed -intermediate thecircumferential flange 33 and theface of the casing to prevent theentrance of water and to prevent leakage of l :lubricating on which maybe placed within lthecasing' to properly lubricate the mechanismcontained therein.

` vspring 35 whichbears against and tends to Contained within the cup 32is a coil i forceoutward a plate 36 in which is mounted a roller 37, theplate being provided with `bearings/38 to receive the axle 39 of theroller and allow free rotation of the same. Secured over thecircumferential flange 33 of the cup'32 is a plate 40, which is providedAwith a rectangular opening or slot 41 through which the roller 37 mayproject. rIhe slot 4l through which the roller 37 projects holds theroller in such a position that its'plan'e is-always parallel with theaxis of the drilling device. The opening 41 in the plate 40 is smallerin diameter than the bearing plate 36, and thus it acts as a stop orabutment for the same, and limits the outward movement of the roller 37.Each of these rollers is thus resiliently mounted, and as they havetheir planes parallel with the axis of the drilling device they are onlyrotatable in the direction that the drilling device is operating. Theserollers 37, by reason of their construction, thus resiliently bearagainst the walls of the excavation pro duced by the drilling device,and as they are only rotatable in the direction of the move ment of thedevice, they prevent rotation of the casing 1 withinits excavation, andprovide the reaction against which the cutter vhead may work. The thrustbearing 13 peris suspended, and any extra weights which may be needed toforce the cutting'head against its work. The drilling device ispreferably provided with an eye 42 at each side of the casing at theupper end thereof for engagement by the right hand and left -hand laidropes or other tackle to prevent turning or twisting when the drillingdevice is to be lowered and removed from the excavation which itproduces.

,From the foregoing, it is obvious that my linvention is. not to berestricted to Vthe exact embodiment shown, `but is broad suctionexerting means driven by the power means for causing the comminutedmaterial to be drawn through said passage.

'2. A device of the class described, comprising a casing, a motor withinsaid casing, a shaft driven from said motor, a cutting head on saidshaft, a continuous suction passage extending through the cutting head,the shaft and the motor and a suction pump driven by said motor.

3. A device of the class described comprising a casing, a motorcontained within said casing, a cutting head below the end of the casingdriven by said motor, a suction pump within the casing and driven by themotor and a suction tube extending through the casing and into thecuttting head.

4. A device of the class described having a casing, a motor within thesame, drilling mechanism driven by the motor, a suction tube extendingthrough the casing and drilling means, and a suction pump within thecasing and driven by the motor.

5. A device of the class described having a casing having a plurality ofopenings in its side walls, removable cups in said openings, springs insaid cups, bearings adapted to be thrust outwardly by said springs`rollers mounted in said bearings and stops for limiting outward movementof said bearings. y

6. A device of the class described, comprising a casing having anopening in its side-wall, a cup mounted in said opening,i

' prising a tubular casing, a shaft and driving means for said shaftwithinthe casing, a suction tube extending through said shaft, means forexertingA suction through said suction tube a cutting head and means fordriving said cutting head at a lower .speed than'the speed of thedriving means within the casing.

8. A device of the class described, comprising a casing, a motor mountedwithin said casingfa tubular shaft driven by said motor, a tubular shaftdriven at a reduced speed by the motor driven shaft, a cutting -headdriven by the l'ast mentioned shaft, a suction tube extendin throughsaid shafts and through the cutting head, and means for exertingsuctionthrough said suction tube. y 9. A device of the class described,comprising a casing, a shaft within the-same, power means for drivingsaid shaft, a suction pump driven by one end of said shaft, Speedreducing means on the other end of said shaft, a cutter head, a shaftupon which said head is mounted, said cutter head shaft being driven bysaid speed reduction means, a suction tube extending through both ofsaid shafts and connected. to the suction 10. A device ofthe classdescribed, comprising a casing, a hollow shaft Within the same, meanswithin said casing for rotating said hollow shaft, a cutting head on theend of said hollow shaft, a suction tube extending through said shaftand means for exerting suction through said tube.

11. A device of the class described, comprising a tubular casing, ahollow shaft rotatably mounted within the same, power means containedwithin said casing for rotatin said hollow shaft, a cutting head securedon theend of said hollow shaft, a plurality of cutting members rotatablymounted on said cutting Vhead,r a suction tube extending th'rough saidhollow shaft, a pump for exerting suction through said tube and meansfor driving said pump.

12. A device of the class described, com- I prising a tubular casing, ahollow shaft rotatably mounted within the same, a motor contained withinthe casing, means for rotating the hollow shaft at a lower speed thanthe speed of the motor, a conical cutting head secured to one end ofsaid hollow shaft, a suction tube extending through said hollow shaft,and a motor-driven suction pump connected to said suction tube.

13. A device of the class described, comprising an elongated tubularcasing, a motor mounted Within said casing, a shaft driven by saidmotor, a suction pump driven by one end of said shaft, a laterallyextending member on the other end of said shaft, said laterallyextending member having a plurality of projections, a pinion rotatablymounted on each of said projections, an internal gear with which saidpinions mesh, a shaft secured to said gear, and a cutting Ahead attachedto the end ofsaid shaft.

14. A device of the class described, comprising a casing, a motormounted within the same, a` motor driven shaft, a suction pump driven bysaid shaft, a lateral member on one end of 4said shaft, pinionsrotatably mounted on said member, a gear engaged by said pinions androtated by the same, 'a shaft on which said gear is Afixed and a cuttinghead attached to the end of said shaft.

15. A device of the class described, comprising va casing, a motormounted within said casing, said motor having a hollow,

shaft, another hollow shaft driven by said motor, a cutting head on saidlast mentioned shaft, a suction tube extending through both of theshafts and the cutting head and means vopposite end of said motor shaft,'pinions rotatably mounted upon said lateral projection, an annular racksecured within the casing, and adapted to` mesh with'said pinsaidpinions and be rotate thereby, said gear having a greater number ofteeth than the annular rack, a shaft secured to said. gear, and a cuttinhead secured to said shaft. l

17. n a device of the class described, a casing, an electric motormounted within the same, said motor having a hollow shaft, anotherhollow shaft rotatably mounted within the casing, speed reduction meansbetween the said hollow shafts so that the last mentioned hollow shaftis driven at a reduced speed, a cutting head on the last mentionedhollow shaft having a plurality of rotatably mounted cutters, a suctiontube extending through both of the hollow shafts and a suction pumpconnected to the suction tube.

18. A device of the class described, coinprising a casing, a hollowshaft rotatably mounted within the same, a motor, and means intermediateof said motor and the hollow shaft for driving said shaft at a lowerspeed than the speed at which the motor is driven, a cutting headattached to said shaft and a suction' tube extending through the cutterhead and through the hollow shaft, and suction-exerting means connectedto the suction tube.

19. A device of the class described, comprising a casing, a motormounted within the same, a shaft within the casing, and driven by saidmotor, a cutting head fixed on one end of said shaft, an opening in thelower ids' iis

95 ions, an internal gear ada ted to mesh with end of said eutting head,and a suction tube mounted cutting members, Said cutting head 10extending through said shaft and into the also having a suction opening,a. suction tube opening 1n the Cuttingl head. extending through saidshaft und entering 20. A device of the class described, cominto saidsuction opening and means for exprising a casing, a motor mounted Withinthe erting suction through said tube.'

same, a shaft Within the casing driven by Signed at the villageofHigh1and,county l5 said motor, a cutting head fixed on one end ofUlster, State of New York, this 11th day of said shaft, said cuttinghead being proof February, 1920.

vided with a plurality of toothed, rotatably HENRY F. BLACKWELL.

